The FTC fined the 'robot lawyer' DoNotPay for unsubstantiated AI claims

The FTC charged DoNotPay, which marketed an AI 'robot lawyer' that could replace human attorneys, with making unsubstantiated claims. The company agreed to a settlement, including a penalty and a requirement to warn consumers about the service's limits.

DoNotPay · Incident Sep 25, 2024 · Indexed Jun 3, 2026 · 1 source

The service was marketed as a robot lawyer that could replace human attorneys, a claim the FTC said was unsubstantiated.
What
The FTC charged DoNotPay, which marketed an AI 'robot lawyer' that could replace human attorneys, with making unsubstantiated claims.
Incident date
Sep 25, 2024
Who
DoNotPay
Failure mode
Policy Violation
AI surface
Chatbot
Severity
Medium

What happened

In 2024 the FTC alleged that DoNotPay marketed an AI service as a substitute for a human lawyer without testing whether its output matched a lawyer's, and without legal review. DoNotPay settled, agreeing to pay a penalty and to notify subscribers about the limits of its legal products as part of the FTC's AI enforcement sweep.

What broke inside the model

Failure path · mode profile · Policy Violation
  1. 01 · TriggerA prompt pushes against a deployment boundary.
  2. 02 · Model stepThe model produces the disallowed output.
  3. 03 · Control gapNo enforcement blocks it at generation time.
  4. 04 · FailureThe output crosses the policy line.
  5. 05 · ConsequenceA limit the business set is breached in public.

The output crosses a policy boundary the deployment had defined.

The system produced an output or action that broke a stated company policy or a regulation that applied to the deployment. The model optimized for a plausible response, not for the constraint, and no enforcement layer checked the output against the policy before it took effect.

Public visibilityMedium
Regulatory exposureActive
Customer impactMany customers
Financial impactUnknown
Time to disclosureDays

FTC settlement and penalty; required consumer warnings

  1. PrimaryFTC Takes Action Against DoNotPay for Unsubstantiated 'Robot Lawyer' Claims (FTC)ftc.gov
Permalinkhttps://failureindex.ai/failures/ftc-fined-robot-lawyer-donotpay
CitationAI Failure Index. "The FTC fined the 'robot lawyer' DoNotPay for unsubstantiated AI claims" (FI-0055). Realm Labs. https://failureindex.ai/failures/ftc-fined-robot-lawyer-donotpay (indexed Jun 3, 2026).
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Data fields CC-BY 4.0, prose citation permitted. Incident ID FI-0055. Full dataset at /data.

Note from Realm Labs, the Index steward

How Realm would have caught this

Controls for this failure mode
  • Prism
  • OmniGuard

Realm compares what the model is about to output or do against the policy that governs the deployment, in real time, and can deny or redact the action before it takes effect, which is the gap an after-the-fact review never closes in time.