Serbia Social Card registry automation causes benefit losses for marginalized groups

Serbia implemented a Social Card registry to automate eligibility for social assistance. The system used inaccurate and misclassified data, leading to the loss of benefits for thousands of marginalized people.

Serbia Ministry of Labour, Employment, Veterans and Social Affairs · Incident Mar 1, 2022 · Indexed Jun 5, 2026 · 2 sources

The system's reliance on automated processing of data without considering individual circumstances led to the loss of vital assistance.
What
Serbia implemented a Social Card registry to automate eligibility for social assistance.
Incident date
Mar 1, 2022
Who
Serbia Ministry of Labour, Employment, Veterans and Social Affairs
Failure mode
Data Leakage
AI surface
Agentic Workflow
Severity
High

What happened

The Serbian government introduced the Social Card registry in March 2022 to streamline the determination of social assistance eligibility. The automation relied on misclassified data, which resulted in thousands of vulnerable citizens losing their benefits. Amnesty International detailed how this system entrenched poverty and discrimination.

What broke inside the model

Failure path · mode profile · Data Leakage
  1. 01 · TriggerA request triggers retrieval or context loading.
  2. 02 · Model stepThe context pulls in another user's content.
  3. 03 · Control gapNo boundary enforces isolation at the moment of output.
  4. 04 · FailurePrivate data crosses into the response.
  5. 05 · ConsequenceOne user sees another's data, and disclosure follows.

One user's content crosses the retrieval boundary into another's response.

The system aggregated data from multiple official registries into a centralized information system. It failed by applying rigid automated logic to inaccurate data without allowing for human correction or consideration of specific life circumstances.

Public visibilityHigh
Regulatory exposureNone
Customer impactMany customers
Financial impactEstimated
Time to disclosureMonths
  1. PrimaryTrapped by Automation: Poverty and discrimination in Serbia's welfare stateamnesty.org
  2. SocialThe Social Card Registry: Entrenching Poverty and Discrimination in Serbiasocialprotectionfloorscoalition.org
Permalinkhttps://failureindex.ai/failures/serbia-social-card-registry-automation-causes
CitationAI Failure Index. "Serbia Social Card registry automation causes benefit losses for marginalized groups" (FI-0245). Realm Labs. https://failureindex.ai/failures/serbia-social-card-registry-automation-causes (indexed Jun 5, 2026).
Share cardA branded image of this record for posts and slides.

Data fields CC-BY 4.0, prose citation permitted. Incident ID FI-0245. Full dataset at /data.

Note from Realm Labs, the Index steward

How Realm would have caught this

Controls for this failure mode
  • Prism
  • OmniGuard
  • AI Detection & Response (AIDR)

Realm can detect when a response is about to emit data that falls outside the bounds of the current user and context, and block or redact it inline, at the moment of generation rather than after the data has left.