White House health report included fabricated AI citations

The White House's MAHA report on children's health was found to contain fabricated scientific citations generated by AI. This undermined the report's stated goal of adhering to the gold standard of scientific rigor.

White House / Make America Healthy Again (MAHA) Commission · Incident May 22, 2025 · Indexed Jun 16, 2026 · 3 sources

The report's references included "oaicite" markers, a strong indicator that generative AI was used to create them.
What
The White House's MAHA report on children's health was found to contain fabricated scientific citations generated by AI.
Incident date
May 22, 2025
Who
White House / Make America Healthy Again (MAHA) Commission
Failure mode
Hallucination
AI surface
Search / RAG
Severity
High

What happened

The White House released the Make America Healthy Again report on May 22, 2025, detailing strategies for childhood chronic disease. Shortly after, investigations revealed the report contained multiple citations for scientific studies that did not exist. The administration initially dismissed the errors as formatting issues before uploading a corrected version.

What broke inside the model

Failure path · mode profile · Hallucination
  1. 01 · TriggerA user asks for a fact, a citation, or a figure.
  2. 02 · Model stepThe model writes a fluent, confident answer.
  3. 03 · Control gapNothing ties the claim back to a real source.
  4. 04 · FailureA fabricated fact ships as if it were verified.
  5. 05 · ConsequenceThe false claim reaches a customer, a court, or the public.

Confidence holds, and even spikes, as the claim detaches from any source.

The authors likely used generative AI to draft the bibliography, which led the model to hallucinate academic references. This was evidenced by the presence of "oaicite" markers in some of the report's URLs, a signature of AI-generated content.

Public visibilityHigh
Regulatory exposureNone
Customer impactClass-wide
Financial impactUnknown
Time to disclosureDays
  1. PressTrump officials downplay fake citations in high-profile report on children’s healthscience.org
  2. PressWhite House Health Report Included Fake Citationsnytimes.com
  3. PressThe MAHA Report Cites Studies That Don’t Existnotus.org
Permalinkhttps://failureindex.ai/failures/white-house-health-included-fabricated-citations
CitationAI Failure Index. "White House health report included fabricated AI citations" (FI-0503). Realm Labs. https://failureindex.ai/failures/white-house-health-included-fabricated-citations (indexed Jun 16, 2026).
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Data fields CC-BY 4.0, prose citation permitted. Incident ID FI-0503. Full dataset at /data.

Note from Realm Labs, the Index steward

How Realm would have caught this

Controls for this failure mode
  • Prism
  • OmniGuard
  • AI Detection & Response (AIDR)

A runtime layer that watches the model's internal state can flag the moment a model commits to a claim it has no support for, and hold or reroute the response before it reaches a user. Realm reads those signals in real time rather than grading the transcript after the fact.